Surge protector (surge tiv thaiv) yog ib qho cuab yeej tsis yooj yim nyob rau hauv xob laim tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob Nws siv los raug hu ua" xob laim ntes" los yog" tshaj xo tiv thaiv" ;. Nkag mus rau lub zog siv hluav taws xob, kev nrawm dhau ntawm lub teeb liab kis tau txais txiaj ntsig rau cov kab hluav taws xob uas cov cuab yeej lossis lub zog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, lossis lub teeb hluav taws xob muaj zog tam sim no qhov chaw tawm yuav tsim tawm los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lossis tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab kev puas tsuaj.
Cov hom thiab cov qauv ntawm cov tiv thaiv hluav taws xob txawv rau ntau lub hom phiaj, tab sis nws tsawg kawg yuav tsum muaj qhov tsis yog-txoj kab hluav taws xob tsis pub muaj kev txwv. Cov khoom siv yooj yim uas siv hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog: muaj qhov sib txawv, cov pa roj tawm ntawm lub raj tso pa tawm, varistor, hluav taws xob diode thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no
Thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsej muag tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo pua puv 19 thiab tau siv rau kab hluav taws xob hla kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom thaiv thiab ua rau lub zog tuag, yog li nws hu ua" surge tiv thaiv" ;. Xyoo 1920, muaj kev tiv thaiv aluminium surge, oxide zaj duab xis surge tiv thaiv thiab cov kws kho mob phais hloov tshum muag tau tshwm sim. Cov raj tiv thaiv hom raj tsim muaj nyob rau xyoo 1930. Silicon carbide xob tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 1950. Nyob rau xyoo 1970, Panasonic Corporation ntawm Nyijpooj tau pib ua ib tus hlau thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob nrog cov hlau oxide ceramics uas yog cov khoom siv loj. Cov kws tiv thaiv kab mob niaj hnub no tsis tsuas yog muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau ntau yam hluav taws xob overvoltages thiab kev ua haujlwm overvoltages hauv high-voltage kab, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev sib zog hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm microelectronics.
